Report

What a government should never delegate to an algorithm

Two colleagues reviewing documents together at a desk.

Key takeaways

  • The great failures of public automation were failures of decision architecture, not of algorithms.
  • Real human oversight has five conditions and two metrics; without them, it is theater.
  • Six decisions are never delegated; the rest are classified with two questions: how much does it affect rights, and how reversible is the error?
  • The contradiction rule is the cheapest protection: define by procedure what happens when the citizen and the system assert incompatible things.

Robodebt, the Dutch benefits scandal, the British grading fiasco and the Horizon cases share one cause: people stopped deciding and started signing. Six non-delegable decisions, and a matrix for everything else.

The full document is currently published in Spanish; an English edition is prepared when demand warrants it. The Spanish record carries the complete summary and contents.